Switzerland has one of the best healthcare systems in the world—but it also comes with strict rules, high premiums, and a lot of paperwork. If you’re an expat or a new resident, registering for health insurance is not just a recommendation—it’s mandatory. Failing to register in time can result in fines, backdated premiums, or being assigned a random insurer with limited options.
This detailed guide will help you understand how the Swiss health insurance system works, how to register correctly, what plans to choose, and how to avoid common mistakes that cost money and stress.
Is Health Insurance Mandatory in Switzerland?
Yes. Every person living in Switzerland for more than three months—regardless of nationality—must have basic health insurance coverage (called “LaMal” or “KVG” depending on the region). This rule applies to:
- Expats with work permits
- Foreign students
- Accompanying family members
- Refugees and asylum seekers
You must register for health insurance within 3 months of taking up residence. This applies from the date you arrive—not the date you register with your commune (although they may remind you to do so).
If you fail to register, the local authority can assign you a health insurance provider and charge you retroactively from your arrival date.
What Does Basic Health Insurance (LaMal) Cover?
LaMal covers the essential medical services you need to maintain your health. This includes:
- Doctor visits (GPs and specialists)
- Emergency treatment and hospitalization
- Maternity care and childbirth
- Prescribed medications
- Some forms of physical therapy and rehabilitation
- Preventive checkups like vaccinations
It does not cover:
- Dental care
- Glasses or contact lenses for adults
- Alternative therapies (unless prescribed)
- Private hospital rooms or international treatments
The law mandates what basic insurance must include, so coverage is consistent across all providers.
Choosing a Health Insurance Provider
Even though coverage is standard, you can choose from dozens of private insurance companies. Prices vary by:
- Canton and municipality
- Age
- Gender (in rare cases)
- Deductible amount (called “franchise”)
- Plan model (standard, family doctor, HMO, telemedicine)
Popular insurers include:
- Helsana
- CSS
- Sanitas
- SWICA
- Assura
- Groupe Mutuel
You can compare plans at www.priminfo.ch (official government site) or commercial comparison platforms like Comparis.ch or bonus.ch.
Deductibles and Premiums: How Costs Work
Switzerland uses a system of shared healthcare costs. Here’s how it breaks down:
- Monthly premium: You pay this to your insurance provider, regardless of whether you use medical services.
- Annual deductible (franchise): The amount you must pay out of pocket before the insurance starts covering costs. Ranges from CHF 300 to CHF 2,500.
- Co-payment (10%): After you meet the deductible, you pay 10% of additional costs (up to CHF 700 per year).
Example:
If your deductible is CHF 2,500:
- You pay the first CHF 2,500 in medical costs yourself
- After that, your insurer covers 90%, and you cover 10%, up to CHF 700/year
Younger people often choose the highest deductible (CHF 2,500) to reduce monthly premiums. But if you expect high medical costs, choosing a lower deductible (CHF 300 or CHF 500) may be smarter long-term.
Health Insurance Models: Standard vs. Budget Options
To lower your monthly premiums, insurers offer alternative models. Each has some restrictions:
- Standard model: You can see any doctor without a referral.
- Family doctor model: You must first see your designated GP.
- HMO model: You go to a health center for all treatments and referrals.
- Telmed model: You must call a medical hotline before seeing a doctor.
These models save you money but limit flexibility. If you prefer freedom of choice or move often, the standard model may suit you better despite being more expensive.
How to Register for Health Insurance: Step-by-Step
1. Compare and Choose a Plan
Use an online comparison tool to check premiums and plan types. Decide which deductible and model fit your health profile and budget.
2. Apply Directly With the Insurer
Apply online or by phone. You’ll need to provide:
- Personal details (name, address, date of birth)
- Date of entry into Switzerland
- Swiss residence permit (e.g., B, C, L, student visa)
- Health insurance start date (usually retroactive to arrival)
Some insurers may request a copy of your residence certificate (Attestation de résidence) or work contract.
3. Receive Confirmation and Policy Documents
The insurer will send your policy confirmation and monthly premium invoice. You may also get an insurance card for doctor visits and pharmacy purchases.
4. Inform Your Local Commune
Bring your insurance confirmation to the communal office (commune/gemeinde). They will update your file and confirm that you’ve complied with the law.
What Happens If You Miss the Deadline?
If you don’t register within three months:
- Your commune will assign you a provider
- You’ll still have to pay from the day you arrived
- You can’t choose your plan or deductible retroactively
- You may face fines or lose reimbursement options
Some cantons are stricter than others, but it’s always better to act early.
Can You Change Health Insurance Providers?
Yes—basic health insurance contracts can be changed every year:
- Notify your insurer in writing by November 30th if you want to change for the following year.
- New coverage starts on January 1st.
Supplementary insurance (dental, private rooms, etc.) has different rules and may lock you in for multiple years.
Supplementary Health Insurance: What’s Optional?
Many people add complementary insurance (Zusatzversicherung or assurance complémentaire) to cover:
- Dental care
- Glasses and contacts
- Alternative medicine (e.g., acupuncture, homeopathy)
- Private or semi-private hospital rooms
- International medical coverage
Premiums and coverage vary widely, and unlike basic insurance, insurers can reject your application based on medical history.
Special Considerations for Expats
If You’re a Student:
- Some cantons offer cheaper student plans or allow international coverage
- You may apply for a waiver if you have valid international insurance
If You’re Self-Employed:
- You pay 100% of your premiums; no employer contribution
- Consider high-deductible plans and supplementary accident coverage
If You Have Children:
- Children must also be insured within 3 months
- Their premiums are usually lower, and deductibles can be CHF 0
If You’re Leaving Switzerland:
- Cancel your policy by notifying your insurer and commune
- Provide proof of departure (e.g., deregistration certificate)
Final Tips
- Register early and don’t wait until the last minute
- Choose your deductible wisely—high if you’re healthy, low if you expect regular care
- Save on premiums by choosing a family doctor or Telmed model
- Consider supplementary insurance for added peace of mind
Final Thoughts
Health insurance in Switzerland is non-negotiable, and registering properly is one of the first and most important tasks for any new resident. While it may seem complex, the system is designed to provide high-quality care—and once you’re enrolled, you’ll enjoy access to some of the best healthcare in the world.